06 – The Nervous System Part 1 of 2 CNS, PNS, Neuron, Glial Cells, and Neurotransmitters

In this episode of the MCAT Prep Pod Biology Series, we begin our deep dive into the Nervous System. You’ll learn how the nervous system is organized (CNS vs. PNS, somatic vs. autonomic, sympathetic vs. parasympathetic), how neurons and glial cells are structured and function, and how electrical signals are generated and propagated via action potentials. We also break down synaptic transmission (chemical and electrical), receptor types (ionotropic vs. metabotropic), and essential MCAT-relevant neurotransmitters like acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate.

Key topics include:

• Functional roles of sensory, motor, and interneurons

• Resting membrane potential and ion gradients

• Steps of an action potential and refractory periods

• Myelin, saltatory conduction, and glial cell types

• Synaptic signaling and neurotransmitter clearance

• Ionotropic vs. metabotropic receptors

• Neurotransmitters: ACh, NE, dopamine, GABA, glutamate, serotonin